Overview
The basic concepts and terminology associated with object-oriented programming language are as follows:
Class
Class is a template or blue-pint for the object. The class defines the properties and behavior of the object.
Object
The object is an instance of the class. It is a basic unit of an object-oriented program.
Abstraction
Abstraction is hiding implementation details or managing complexity at the system level.
Encapsulation
Encapsulation is the binding of data and the methods that operate on the data. Encapsulation acts like a protective shield that prevents code and data from outside interference.
Inheritance
Inheritance defines a child’s class from the parent class. The main purpose of inheritance is code reusability. Inheritance is that child class acquires or inherits state and behavior from the parent class
Polymorphism
Polymorphism is the ability to take many different forms. For example, child classes can have a same method as the parent class but can provide different method implementations by overriding the method.