This tutorial is based on Oracle 19c<\/strong>\u2014the steps for installing Oracle 19c on the Windows operating system.<\/p>\n First, let’s understand the two different types of database architectures in Oracle:<\/p>\n CDB is a single physical database that contains multiple PDBs. Each PDB functions as an independent database with its own data dictionary, schema objects, and users. CDB’s advantage is that it allows you to manage multiple databases as if they were separate entities while efficiently sharing resources like memory and CPU. This makes it ideal for large-scale deployments where you need to isolate different applications or teams but still want to benefit from shared infrastructure costs.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Each pluggable database has its background processes running on dedicated threads within the same process space (as opposed to separate processes). Open the PDB if the database is not open. The name of the PDB in this example is: orclpdb<\/strong><\/p>\n Error indication:<\/p>\n ERROR:<\/em> Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.<\/p>\n Connect as SYS<\/p>\n \\>sqlplus \/ as SYSDBA<\/em><\/p>\n List the pluggable database instances, and type the following command at the SQL prompt:<\/p>\n SQL> SHOW pdbs;<\/em><\/p>\n On Single Instance database:<\/p>\n Issue the following command to open the database:<\/p>\n On multi-tenancy RAC environment:<\/p>\n We need to open on all instances:<\/p>\n SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb OPEN instances=all;<\/em><\/p>\n We need to have sufficient privileges to execute this command. Error when we execute this command with insufficient privileges. For example, connect as SYSDBA<\/strong> role to rectify this error.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Connect to the database:<\/p>\n We can now work with the database by creating local users and objects. Add the information of the PDB to the tnsnames.ora<\/strong> file.<\/p>\n\n
Container Database( CDB )<\/h2>\n
![\"Pluggable](\"https:\/\/www.testingdocs.com\/questions\/wp-content\/uploads\/Pluggable-Databases-Oracle.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nPluggable Database( PDB )<\/h2>\n
\nPDB provides more flexibility when managing your data by allowing you to create new schemas within an existing container without affecting other parts of the system or requiring downtime for maintenance operations such as upgrading software or patching security vulnerabilities across all containers simultaneously.PDBs enhance performance by reducing context switching overhead between tasks associated with different databases within a single instance of Oracle Server.<\/p>\nCommands<\/h2>\n
\nORA-01109: database not open<\/em><\/p>\nList PDBs Command<\/h2>\n
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb OPEN;<\/em><\/pre>\n
![\"Connect](\"https:\/\/www.testingdocs.com\/questions\/wp-content\/uploads\/Connect-Pluggable-Database-Oracle.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nCommon Error<\/h3>\n
SQL> ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb OPEN;\r\nALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE orclpdb OPEN\r\n*\r\nERROR at line 1:\r\nORA-01031: insufficient privileges<\/pre>\n
![\"Oracle](\"https:\/\/www.testingdocs.com\/questions\/wp-content\/uploads\/ORacle-Error-Insufficient-.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nSQL> ALTER SESSION SET container=orclpdb;\r\n\r\nSession altered.<\/pre>\n
![\"Oracle](\"https:\/\/www.testingdocs.com\/questions\/wp-content\/uploads\/Oracle-SHOW-Connection-Name.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\n![\"Create](\"https:\/\/www.testingdocs.com\/questions\/wp-content\/uploads\/Create-Scott-user-PDB.png\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\n![\"Connect](\"https:\/\/www.testingdocs.com\/questions\/wp-content\/uploads\/Connect-to-Pluggable-Database.png\" "\\"\\"")