Types of Software Defects in Software Testing

In software testing, identifying and fixing issues is critical to ensure the software performs as expected. These issues are called software defects. Understanding the types of defects helps improve software quality and user satisfaction. Software defects are flaws or errors in a software application that cause it to behave unexpectedly, produce incorrect results, or crash during execution.

Defects can impact the functionality, reliability, and security of software. They can lead to user frustration, business losses, and in severe cases, legal consequences.

Types of Software Defects

Knowing different types of defects helps developers write better code, enables testers to design effective test cases, and allows users to report issues accurately.

Logic Errors – Incorrect Calculation

These occur when the logic implemented in the code is incorrect, leading to wrong outputs or behavior, such as incorrect totals or failed conditions.

Data Errors – Incorrect Data Type

These defects happen when the wrong type of data is used, for example using a string instead of a number, leading to failures or incorrect processing.

Crashes

Crashes occur when the application stops working unexpectedly, often due to unhandled exceptions or memory issues.

Bugs

General term for any unintended behavior or error in the software that affects functionality or performance.

Security Vulnerabilities

These are defects that expose the software to threats such as unauthorized access, data breaches, or other security risks.