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Apache Maven Tutorial

Apache Maven is a powerful build automation and project management tool primarily used for Java projects. It helps developers manage project builds, dependencies, and documentation in a consistent and standardized way. Maven uses a Project Object Model (POM) file to define project details, dependencies, and build configurations.

Why Use Maven?

Some of the uses of Maven build tool are as follows:

  • Automates the build process
  • Manages dependencies efficiently
  • Provides standardized project structure
  • Supports plugins for additional functionality
  • Improves collaboration in large teams

Install Maven on Windows

Steps to install the Apache Maven tool on the Windows operating system:

Maven Setup

Setting up the MAVEN_HOME environment variable on the Windows 10 operating system. Install Maven Plugins.

 

Apache Maven Tutorial

Understanding POM (Project Object Model)

The pom.xml file is the core of a Maven project. It defines project information, dependencies, plugins, and build settings.

Common Maven Commands

Command Description
mvn clean Removes all files generated by the previous build
mvn compile Compiles source code of the project
mvn test Runs the tests for the project
mvn package Packages the compiled code into a distributable format (e.g., JAR, WAR)
mvn install Installs the package into the local repository for use in other projects
mvn deploy Copies the package to a remote repository

Maven Plugins

Maven Repositories

Maven Project

Maven tool provides project templates that can be created with Maven’s Archetype Plugin.

 

Maven Project Structure

my-app/
|-- src/
| |-- main/
| | |-- java/
| | | `-- com/
| | | `-- example/
| | | `-- App.java
| | |-- resources/
| |-- test/
| |-- java/
| | `-- com/
| | `-- example/
| | `-- AppTest.java
| |-- resources/
|-- target/
|-- pom.xml

 

  • src/main/java: Contains Java source files.
  • src/main/resources: Contains resource files, configuration files, etc.
  • src/test/java: Contains test source files.
  • src/test/resources: Contains resources for testing.
  • target/: Directory where Maven puts the compiled files and packaged artifacts.
  • pom.xml: The Project Object Model file that defines the project configuration.

Build Life Cycle